Scientists have proved that sleeping and learning go hand in hand. Even a short nap can boost our memory and sharpen our thinking. But the relationship goes deeper than that.
“The brain is not passive while you sleep,” scientist Anat Arzi said. “It’s quite active. You can do many things while you are asleep.”
Arzi and her coworkers didn’t try to teach the sleeping volunteers any plex information, like new words or facts. Instead, the scientists taught volunteers to make new connections between smells and sounds.
When we smell something good, like a flower, we take deep breaths. When we smell something bad, we take short breaths. Arzi and her co-workers based their experiment on these reactions.
Once the volunteers fell asleep in the lab, the scientists went to work. They gave them a whiff of something pleasant and meanwhile played a particular musical note. They didn’t wake up, but they heard—and sniffed(吸气) deeply. Then the scientists gave the volunteers a whiff of something terrible and played a different musical note. Again, the volunteers heard and smelled—a short snort this
time—but didn’t wake up. The researchers repeated the experiment.
After just four repetitions, volunteers made a connection between the musical notes and their paired smells. When the scientists played the musical tone that went with good smells, the sleepers breathed deeply. And when the scientists played the musical tone that went with bad smells, the sleepers breathed briefly—despite there being no bad smell.
The next day, the volunteers woke up with the sound-smell connection. They breathed deeply when hearing one tone and cut their breaths short when hearing the other, which must have been unusual for them. Imagine walking down the street and taking a deep breath upon hearing a particular sound!
【小题1】In the study, the volunteers were taught . A．to bee active during sleepB．to tell the difference between smell C．to learn new words and scientific factsD．to make sound-smell connections【小题2】 How did the volunteers react when smelling something nice and hearing musical notes? A．They took a deep breath.B．They had a wonderful dream.C．They woke up at once.D．They took a short breath.【小题3】 When the volunteers woke up the next day, they .A．learned how to play to musical tonesB．forgot what happened during their sleepC．continued with the sound-smell connectionD．changed their reaction when hearing.【小题4】The passage mainly tell us A．special smells and sounds can improve our memory. B．our brain can actually learn something new during the sleep.C．the volunteers will always hear similar sounds in the street. D．our brain can tell the difference between smells during the sleep.【小题5】Which of the following is NOT true?A．A short sleep can improve our memory and sharpen our thinking.B．Arzi and her coworkers didn’t try to teach the sleeping volunteer some simple information.C．When the volunteer smelt something terrible, they didn’t wake up.D．After four repetitions, volunteers made a connection between the musical notes and their pared smells.D
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(答案→)D
解析：本文主要讲述的是人在睡眠的时候，我们的大脑仍然是活跃的，仍然在学习很多新鲜的知识，文章中还描述了一个具体的实验来证明这一点。
【小题1】D 细节题。根据第三段最后一句Instead, the scientists taught volunteers to make new connections between smells and sounds.可知在这个实验里，主要是把声音和味道联系在一起的。故D正确。
【小题2】A 细节题。根据文章第五段前3行They gave them a whiff of something pleasant and meanwhile played a particular musical note. They didn’t wake up, but they heard—and sniffed(吸气) deeply可知当人们闻到好的味道时候，会做深呼吸。故A正确。
【小题3】C 推理题。根据文章最后一段前3行The next day, the volunteers woke up with the sound-smell connection. They breathed deeply when hearing one tone and cut their breaths short when hearing the other, which must have been unusual for them.可知当人们第二天苏醒以后仍然有同样的联系。故C正确。
【小题4】B 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段1,2段Scientists have proved that sleeping and learning go hand in hand. Even a short nap can boost our memory and sharpen our thinking. But the relationship goes deeper than that.和“The brain is not passive while you sleep,” scientist Anat Arzi said. “It’s quite active. You can do many things while you are asleep.”可知本文主要讲述的是在睡眠的时候我们的大脑也在学习某些东西，后面的实验也证明了这一点。故B正确。
【小题5】B 细节题。根据文章第二段Arzi and her coworkers didn’t try to teach the sleeping volunteers any plex information, like new words or facts. 可知B项内容错误。