【不规则】不规则变化是什么意思

发布时间:2021-03-24 05:59:52

不规则变化是什么意思 英语

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【答案】 1.动词不规则变化是指动词的过去式和过去分词不按一定的规则变化.
    2.动词不规则变化的具体变化规则如下.
    (1)现在式、过去式、过去分词同形.如 read→read→read,
    put→put→put,hit→hit→hit,let→let→let,cost→cost→cost,spread→spread→spread.
    I have read this book twice before.
    这本书我已经读过两遍了.
    The book hit me on the head.
    书打中了我的脑袋.
    I put the apple in the corner.
    我把苹果放在墙角.
    (2)过去式、过去分词同形.如 win→won→won,
    dig→dug→dug,find→found→found,feel→felt→felt,
    leave→left→left,meet→met→met,sit→sat→sat,
    stand→stood→stood,say→said→said,
    tell→told→told,make→made→made,
    hear→heard→heard,sell→sold→sold.
    I stood up and turned.
    我站起来,转过身.
    It was aware of having been found,then it ran away.
    它觉察到自己被发现了,于是逃跑了.
    I sat quietly staring at the apple.
    我静静地坐在那里盯着苹果.
    I felt happy at being praised by parents.
    被父母夸奖我感到很高兴.
    (3)现在式与过去分词同形.如 e→came→e,
    bee→ became→bee,run→ran→run.
    It was aware of having been found,then it ran away.
    它觉察到自己被发现了,于是逃跑了.
    (4)现在式、过去式、过去分词三种各不同形.如 is(am,are)
    →was(was,were)→been,do→did→done,
    go→went→gone,lie→lay→lain,begin→
    began→begun,ring→rang→rung,sing→sang→sung,
    swim→swam→swum,see→saw→seen,
    eat→ate→eaten,give→gave→given,
    take→took→taken,fall→fell→fallen,
    know→knew→known,throw→ threw→ thrown,
    wear→wore→worn,speak→spoke→spoken,
    choose→chose→chosen,break→broke→broken,
    drive→ drove→driven,write→wrote→written,
    forget→forgot→forgot(ten),get→got→got(ten),
    hide→hid→hid(den),show→ showed→show(showed).
    I was reading a book and eating an apple.
    我正在吃着苹果读书.
    A book fell off the bookshelf.
    一本书从书架上掉了下来.
    I saw a little rat on the top of the shelf.
    我看见书架顶上有一只小老鼠.
    I took a bottle of liquid medicine to kill the rat.
    我拿了一瓶灭鼠药水.
    The rat died before it ate up the apple.
    老鼠还没吃完苹果就死掉了.
    I got angry with this rat.
    我生了这只老鼠的气.
    3.另注:
    (1)一些动词变化的英美不同.
    burn,dream,learn,spell,smell,lean,spill,spoil在美语
    中为规则动词;在英语中可为规则动词,不过用作不规
    则动词较为普通.
    在美语中wake的过去分词也可用waked.
  fit,quit和wet在英语中是规则动词;但在美语中是不规则
    动词,三种形式相同.
    dive在英语中是规则动词;在美语中则为不规则:
    dive→dove→dived.
    get的过去分词在美语中也常是gotten.
    (2)字典里有少数动词的过去分词有两个,其中的一个字尾为
    “en”,此类字尾为“en”的过去分词现在多用作形容词,
    而不用作时态之一部份(即不用作完成时态里的过去分词).
  如:
    ill-gotten wealth
    不义之财.gotten是作形容词用的过去分词.
    He has got wealth by ill means.
    他以不正当的手段得到钱财.got是完成式里的过去分词.
    (3)助动词只有现在式和过去式,没有过去分词.
    现在式 过去式 过去分词
    shall should 无
    can could 无
    will would 无
    may might 无
    must 无 无
    ought 无 无
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