Botany （植物学） , the study of plants, occupies a particular position in the history of human knowledge．For many thousands of years it was the one field of awareness about which humans had anything more than the vaguest （模糊的）） of insights．It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient．This is logical．Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things even for other plants．They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people not only for food but also for clothing, tools, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes．Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each．To them, botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of knowledge at all．
Unfortunately, the more industrialized we bee, the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge grows．Yet everyone es unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose or an apple．When nor Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer fields the next season—the first, great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken．Grains were discovered and from them flowed the wonder of agriculture: cultivated crops．From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild, and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience with plants in the wild would begin to fade away．
【小题1】What does the writer mean when he says This is logical in the first paragraph?A．Human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed．B．It is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plants．C．There is no clear way to determine the extent of our ancestor's knowledge of plant．D．It is reasonable to assume our ancestors behave much like people in pre-industrial societies．【小题2】According to the passage, general knowledge of botany begun to fade away because ．A．people no longer value plants as a useful resourceB．direct contact with a variety of plants has decreasedC．botany is not recognized as a special branch of scienceD．research is unable to keep up with the increasing number of plants【小题3】We learn that the first great step toward the practice of agriculture is ．A．the changing diets of early humansB．the development of a system of names for plantsC．the invention of agricultural implements （工具） and machineryD．the discovery of certain grasses that could be harvested and replanted【小题4】Human would depend on the controlled production of a few plants for living withA．the knowledge of plantsB．the discovery of certain grassesC．the development of machineryD．the appearance of agricultureB
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(答案→)B
解析：
【小题1】B 细节题。根据第一段3,4,5行It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient．This is logical．说明史前人类可以对植物有一个很好的了解、故B正确。
【小题2】B 推理题。根据第二段1,2行Unfortunately, the more industrialized we bee, the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge grows．说明现代人与植物的直接的接触越来越少，导致我们这方面的知识越来越少。故B正确，
【小题3】D 细节题。根据第二段3,4,5行When nor Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer fields the next season—the first, great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken．说明人们认识到某些草是可以收获和重新种植的时候，人们走出了农业的第一步。故D正确。
【小题4】D 细节题。根据文章最后三行From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild, and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience with plants in the wild would begin to fade away．说明随着农业的出现，人类依靠着控制着一些植物的生长来存活。故D正确。