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Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. 自古以来,世界各地就有各种各样的节日和庆典.Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. 最古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束、春季的种植和秋天的收割. Sometimes celebrate would be held after hunters had caught animals. 有时,在猎人捕获猎物后,也举行庆祝活动. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那个时代,如果食物难以找到,特别是在寒冷的冬月,人们会挨饿. Today’s festivals have many origins ,some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. 现在的节日有很多由来,一些是宗教上的,一些是季节性的,一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的.
Festivals of the Dead亡灵节
Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. 有些节日,是为了纪念死者,或使祖先得到满足,因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助,也有可能带来危害.For the Japanese festival. Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 在日本的盂兰盆节,人们要扫墓、烧香,以缅怀祖先. They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. 他们还点起灯笼,奏响乐曲,因为他们认为这样做可以把祖先引回到世上. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. 在墨西哥,亡灵节是在11月初. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them. 在这个重要的节日里,人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物,和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕.They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. 他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品.The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. 西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信念,认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间. It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets. 万圣节如今成了孩子们的节日,这天他们可以乔装打扮上到邻居家要糖吃.If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. 如果邻居什么糖也不给,那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了.
Festivals to Honour People纪念名人的节日
Festivals can also be held to honour famous people . 也有纪念名人的节日.The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. 中国的端午节（龙舟节）,是纪念著名古代诗人屈原的. In the USA Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in New World. 美国的哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现“新大陆”的日子. India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. 印度在10月2日有个全国性节日,纪念莫汉达斯·甘地,他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖.
Harvest Festivals庆丰收的节日
Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. 收获与感恩节是非常喜庆的节日. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. 越冬的粮食收