What do literary greats Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Burns have in mon? They both lived and wrote in Edinburgh, along with many other big names in the field of literature. This fact helped UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) award the city the title of world's first City of Literature on October 14.
Edinburgh left a lasting impression on Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930). Although he was born there he went to school in England but returned home for medical school. After graduating he moved to London and began writing his Sherlock Holmes stories. His inspiration for the character came from one of his professors at university. Holmes' methods were so clever that they actually furthered the advance of the study of criminology (犯罪学).
Robert Burns (1759-1796) is still regarded as Scotland's national poet, more than 200 years after his death. He is celebrated all over the world through translations of his work and the annual Burns Night supper on his birthday. One of his songs, My Love is Like a Red Red Rose ranks among the finest love songs ever written and Auld Lang Syne (友谊地久天长) is sung all around the world．
As one of the first literate societies in Europe, the Scottish Parliament passed the world's first pulsory (义务) education law in 1496. By the 1790s, almost all Scots could read． Visitors to Scotland often observed that even the lowest members of society had copies of Burns' poems and other books.
【小题1】Edinburgh was awarded the title of world's first City of Literature because .A．the first award ceremony of literature was held thereB．many literary greats like Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Burns were born thereC．it left a deep impression on many literary greats like Sir Arthur Conan DoyleD．many literary greats like Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Burns often wrote about it【小题2】Arthur Conan Doyle was remembered mainly for his .A．detective storiesB．love poems and songsC．contribution to the study of criminologyD．clever writing skill【小题3】 In honour of Robert Burns, .A．My Love is Like a Red Red Rose and Auld Lang Syne are sung all around the worldB．his works are translated into many languages every yearC．a celebration is held more than 200 years after his deathD．a celebration is held every year on his birthday【小题4】In the last paragraph, the writer mainly discussed .A．the impression of visitors to ScotlandB．how Burn’s poems are popular in ScotlandC．the possible history reasons for many literary greats in ScotlandD．how the world’s first pulsory education law was madeB
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(答案→)B
解析：这是一篇文化类短文。短文记叙的是“联合国教科文组织将文艺气息浓厚，书香味十足的爱丁堡授为世界首座文学城市”。
【小题1】推断题。根据短文第一段所表述的：文坛巨匠亚瑟·科南·道尔和罗伯特·伯恩斯和文学界的其他一些名人一样，他们两人都出生在爱丁堡，笔耕于爱丁堡。在这座城市里诞生了许许多多的作家，正因为这浓郁的书香，联合国教科文组织于10月14日把“世界首座文学之城”的荣誉授予了爱丁堡。
【小题2】推理题。根据短文第二段中的意义：科南·道尔创作了福尔摩斯故事系列，其探案方法被描绘得非常奇妙，这让犯罪学研究也获益匪浅，得到了进一步的发展。由此推理他是以“侦探小说”而出名。
【小题3】细节理解题。根据短文第三段中的“He is celebrated all over the world through translations of his work and the annual Burns Night supper on his birthday”一句可知：每年，人们在他的诞辰日举行“伯恩斯之夜”晚宴，以示纪念。
【小题4】段意推测题。根据最后一段所表述的意义：苏格兰之所以产生这么多的文学巨匠有其历史渊源。短文中列举了三个细节，苏格兰议会于1496年通过了世界上第一个义务教育法案。到18世纪90年代的时候，几乎所有的苏格兰人都能识字了。许多去苏格兰游览的人发现，就连苏格兰的市井小民也在读着伯恩斯的诗以及其它一些书。