A blocked airway(呼吸道) can kill someone in three to four minutes, but it can take more than eight minutes for an ambulance to arrive. So a simple procedure such as opening someone's airway can save their life while they're waiting for emergency medical help. This means you're more likely to give first aid to someone you know than a stranger.
There are many misconceptions(误解) surrounding first aid. Below are the ‘most popular’ ones with details of what you should do.
You should put butter or cream on a burn. The only thing you should put on a burn is cold water - keep the butter for cooking. Put the affected area under cold running water for at least ten minutes.
The best way to treat bleeding is to put the wound under a tap. If you put a bleeding wound under a tap you wash away the body's clotting agents(凝血剂) and make it bleed more. Instead put pressure on the wound with whatever is available to stop or slow down the flow of blood. As soon as possible call 999. Keep pressure on the wound until help arrives.
Nosebleeds are best treated by putting the head back. If you put the head back during a nosebleed, all the blood goes down the back of the airway. Instead advise them to tilt(倾斜) their head forwards and ask the person to pinch(捏) the end of their nose and breathe through their mouth.
You need lots of training to do first aid. You don’t - what you mostly need is mon sense. You can learn enough first aid in a few minutes to save someone's life – whether it’s from a book, attending a course or watching videos online.
Remember: anyone can save a life
【小题1】The most important point to save a person’s life is to ensure . A．his smooth breath B．ambulances’ arriving timeC．the quiet surroundingsD．emergency medical help【小题2】If a person is burnt, what you should do immediately is to .A．put some cream on the burn areaB．cook some butter for the burnC．place the burn under cold running water D．wash the affected area for a long time【小题3】If a bleeding wound is put under a tap, what should happen?A．It will help the bleeding stop at once.B．It will help produce more clotting agents. C．It will produce more pressure on the woundD．It will bleed more and hard to stop【小题4】Which of the following statement is RIGHT?A．When a person’s nose bleed, please put the head back.B．You can learn first aid in quickly in different ways.C．When a person is burnt, crap the burn until help arrives.D．Not everyone can do first aid to save a life.【小题5】The passage mainly tells us . A．how to learn first aid by yourselfB．some misunderstanding about first aid C．the importance of first aidD．how to help medical team save a lifeA
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(答案→)A
解析：文章是关于急救的一些误解。
【小题1】细节题。根据文章第一句A blocked airway(呼吸道) can kill someone in three to four minutes, but it can take more than eight minutes for an ambulance to arrive.可知最好的方法是有平稳的呼吸。
【小题2】细节题。根据文章第四段The best way to treat bleeding is to put the wound under a tap可知C正确。
【小题3】细节题。根据第四段Instead put pressure on the wound with whatever is available to stop or slow down the flow of blood.
【小题4】推理题。关键上下文可知B正确。我们可以用不同的方法学会急救。
【小题5】主旨大意题。文章正是关于急救的一些误解。