Honesty may well be the policy, but it often deserts us when no one is watching, psycholog

Honesty may well be the policy, but it often deserts us when no one is watching, psychologists report today. Experiments with an honesty box to collect payments for hot drinks show that people are better at paying up when under the gaze(注视) of a pair of eyes. The surprise was that the eyes were not real, but photographed.
Researchers at Newcastle University set up the experiment in secret. They attached a poster to a cupboard of mugs above an-honesty box alongside a kettle ,with tea, coffee and milk. Over 10 weeks, they alternated each week between images of eyes and pictures of flowers.
Dr. Bateson, a behavioral biologist and leader of the study, said that even though the eyes were not real they still seemed to make people behave more honestly. They effect may arise from behavioral characteristics that developed as early humans formed social groups that increased their chances of survival. Individuals had to co-operate for the good of the group, rather than act selfishly.
If nobody is watching us it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we think we're being watched we should behave better, so people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us, Dr. Bateson said.
We thought we'd get a slight effect with eyes, but it was quite striking how much difference they made. Even at a subconscious(潜意识的) level, it seems people respond to eyes, and that might be because eyes send a strong biological signal we have evolved(进化) to respond to.
The finding, which researchers believe sheds light on our evolutionary past, could be turned to practical use. The psychologists say images of eyes could promote ticket sales on public transport and improve monitor systems to prevent antisocial behavior.
【小题1】This passage is mainly about     .A．the policy of honestyB．an honesty box to collect moneyC．evolution on honestyD．an experiment on honesty【小题2】The reason for doing the experiment secretly is that the researchers     .A．wanted to get a paratively more exact resultB．had known they wanted to do something illegallyC．meant to get the co-operation of their colleaguesD．intended to sell the hot drinks at a higher price【小题3】People behave honestly under watchful gaze of eyes because     .A．they want to leave a good impressionB．they fear to be laughed at by othersC．they've got the nature through evolution D．they take the photo for a real pair of eyes【小题4】The underlined phrase sheds light on in the last paragraph means     .A．causes somebody to bee cheerfulB．makes something easier to understandC．es upon something by accidentD．brings something into the broad daylightD