McDonald's is the world single biggest food provider with annual sales of around $12.4bn. And the pany's symbol Ronald McDonald is now （or so the pany claims） the world's most recognized person after Santa Claus.
The first McDonald's restaurant was opened in San Bernardino, California, in 1948 by brothers Mac and Richard “Dick” McDonald. Mac ran the restaurant side; Dick was the marketing genius. He had already invented the drive-in laundry and had been the first person to use neon lights in advertising. Now he spotted the gap in the post-war, baby-boom market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants with simple menus, standardized food and efficient service.
After a slow start, business began to boom. By 1954, the brothers were joined by another entrepreneur, a kitchen equipment salesman called Ray A Kroc who owned the franchise to the Multimixer, milk shake maker used throughout the McDonald's chain. A year later, Kroc had bought the McDonald brothers' chain of 25 franchises for the equivalent of around $70m（￡44m）. Dick remained with the pany until the Seventies, when he and Kroc fell out over Kroc's claim that the chain was his creation.
Today, an almost Stalinist cult of personality surrounds Kroc （who died in 1984） at McDonald's, while the brothers who gave the pany its name have all but been written out of its history. But though Kroc did not found McDonald's, he was certainly responsible for the empire-building philosophy which led to its world domination. He ushered in such essential contributions to international cuisine as the Big Mac （1968） and the Egg McMuffin （1973）; and helped launch Ronald McDonald —— “in any language he means fun” —— on to television in 1963.
Every three hours, a new McDonald's franchise opens somewhere in the world; it can be found in more than 100 countries including India （vegetarian-only to avoid offending the non-beef-eating populace） and Israel （non kosher, despite fierce local objection）. McDonald's chain embodied the thrusting, can-do spirit of Fifties America with staff mottoes such as “If you've got time to lean, you've got time to clean.”
【小题1】McDonald's was founded .A．by a kitchen equipment salesmanB．in CaliforniaC．by a marketing genius called Dick McDonaldD．after the first World War【小题2】What do we know about McDonald's brothers?A．They were not McDonald's founders although they named the restaurant.B．Their business was still in depression after several years.C．They had clear job separation on business.D．They sold their restaurant to a salesman in 1954.【小题3】Which is not Kroc's contribution to McDonald's ?A．He launched the restaurant image Ronald McDonald on to television.B．Under his lead, international cuisine as the Big Mac and the Egg McMuffin earned worldwide fameC．He spotted the gap in postwar market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants.D．He built McDonald's empire with a philosophy which led to its world domination.【小题4】Which statement is true according to the passage?A．The single biggest food provider was however, not named after its founderB．The international cuisine as the Big Mac, a beef hamburger, is provided every chain restaurant in the world.C．Employees in McDonald's have no time to lean.D．The symbol Ronald McDonald, means fun in any language, is said to the world most recognized person after Santa Claus.B
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(答案→)B
解析：麦当劳是世界上单一的最大的食物供应商。世界上第一个麦当劳餐厅开张于1948年在加利福尼亚的San Bernardino，由麦当劳俩兄弟一手创办。经过缓慢的起步，生意开始兴隆起来。1954年，Kroc加入并联手把麦当劳连锁店开到世界各地，为世人所熟知。现在每三个小时在世界上的某一个地方就有一个麦当劳连锁店开张。
【小题1】细节理解题。根据第二段的The first McDonald’s restaurant was opened in San Bernardino, California, in 1948 by brothers Mac and Richard “Dick” McDonald.（第一个麦当劳餐厅开张于1948年在加利福尼亚的San Bernardino，由麦当劳俩兄弟一手创办。）排除其他选项，选择B。
【小题2】细节理解题。根据第二段的Mac ran the restaurant side; Dick was the marketing genius. （Mac经营着路边的餐馆；Dick则是销售天才。），我们了解到：兄弟俩各有分工。故选C。
【小题3】细节理解题。根据第二段最后的Now he （指Dick） spotted the gap in the post-war, baby-boom market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants with simple menus, standardized food and efficient service. （Dick发现了战后刚刚繁荣的便宜的、家庭经营的饭店，简单的菜单、标准的食物和高效的服务。）故选C。
【小题4】推断判断题。根据第一段的And the pany’s symbol Ronald McDonald is now (or so the pany claims) the world’s most recognized person after Santa Claus.(公司的标志Ronald McDonald现在是或者公司自称是当今世界上继圣诞老人之后最容易被认出的人。)和倒数第二段in any language he means fun（无论任何语言，他都是好玩的意思。）” 选择答案D。