There be句型中There在句中充当什么成分就如这句：there are many green

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There 是形式主语 ,be是谓语,trees 是真正主语 ,surrounding是谓语 the village是宾语 .这是个省略句.你可以把上面那一句写成：there are many green trees that they are surrounding the village.be surrounding表示一种状态.
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供参考答案1:
“there be...”句型是存在句的常用基本结构，there在句中处于主语位置，起形式主语的作用，真正的主语是随后的名词词组。其谓语动词通常是be的各种时、体等形式。如：
There is ice on the lake. 湖上有冰。
除此之外, there be句型还有一些特殊的结构：
1. there + 情态助动词 + be表示 “预见”、“可能”、“必然”或“过去习惯存在”等。如：
There might be some desserts if you wait a bit. 如果你等一会儿，可能会有甜点。
There ought to have been someone on duty all the time. 本来应该有人全天值班。
There shall be no more wars. 再也不会打仗了。
也可以用there + 某些半助动词 + be(很少使用完成体形式)，如：be going to, be certain to, be sure to, be likely to, have to be等。
There is going to be a rain. 要下雨了。
There's likely to be an interview.可能会有一场面试。
There has to be a mistake. 必定有错。
2. 在正式文体中，某些表示存在、发生、出现、坐落等意义的不及物动词也可以与there连用，如：appear, seem, e, remain, exist, live, stand, lie, arise, enter, follow, occur, rise, grow, happen, belong, arrive, fly, flash, sail, pass, run, spring up, emerge等。如：
There exist many ancient temples in the country. 那个国家有很多古老的寺庙。
There lies a small village in the mountain.山里有个小村子。
Once upon a time, there lived an old queer man in the city. 从前，城里住着个怪老头。
There remains nothing more to be done. 没有什么别的事可做了。
There followed the first world war. 接着就是第一次世界大战。
There flashed through his mind the image of a heroic fighter.他的头脑中闪过英雄战士的形象。
There sprang up a wild gale.突然刮起一阵狂风。
偶尔也能见到there后接及物动词：
There struck me a sudden idea. 突然我有了一个主意。
如果句中的地点状语前移就可以省略there。 如：
Behind the house (there) is a small river.
3. there + 不定式 to be 或there + being形式，称为非限定存在句，可以作主语、宾语、介词补足成分。
1) 作主语 There being a railway station in the town is a great advantage. 镇上有个火车站，真方便呀！
“there to be+NP”作主语时，通常用for作引导词:
For there to be a mistake in a puter's arithmetic is impossible. 计算机计算错误是不可能的。
It was seldom for there to be no late ers. 新来者很少没有迟到的。
2) 作宾语 The mittee anticipated there being less debate in the second discussion. 委员会期望在第二次讨论中争议能少一些。
We expect there to be no objections. 我们希望不会有人反对。
I'd prefer there to be more cooperation. 我希望有更多的合作。