Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska，Canada and Siberia warm the climate，sc

Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska，Canada and Siberia warm the climate，scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions.Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade.Scientists predict that with climate warming，fires may occur more frequently over the next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season.Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming，while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate.Earlier studies by other scientists had suggested that fires in northern regions sped up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants were released into the atmosphere and thus trapped heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire，large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming.Ozone (臭氧) levels increased，and ashes from the fire fell on far­off sea ice，darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in.The following spring，however，the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire，because fewer trees covered the ground.Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space，leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，” scientists said.They tracked the change in the amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire，and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature.Typically，fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years.Scientists，however，found that when fire occurs more frequently，more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results.Specifically，they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicted,0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases，but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space.The net effect is cooling.Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
【小题1】According to the new findings，taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may    .A．result in a warming climateB．cause more forest firesC．lead to a longer fire seasonD．protect the forests there【小题2】The following are the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT    .A．large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphereB．the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increaseC．snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into spaceD．ashes from the fire fall on the ice and darken the surface【小题3】Earlier studies about northern forest fires    .A．had analyzed all aspects of how northern fires influenced climateB．had indicated that forest fires would pollute the atmosphereC．had suggested that people should take measures to protect environmentD．had suggested that the fires would speed up climate warming【小题4】We can infer that forest fires in Alaska，Canada and Siberia may    .A．warm the climate as the supposition goesB．cool the climate by reflecting more sunlight into atmosphereC．make more space for the growth of young treesD．help to gain more energy rather than release more energyA