Jerry Morris died on 28 October 2009. He was 99 years old. You have probably never heard of him. He was a professor of public health. More than 50 years ago he produced one of the most famous epidemiological (流行病学) papers of the 20th century.
His study showed that bus conductors were much less likely to die of heart disease than bus drivers. Why? Because the conductors spent their working day walking. It seems obvious now but in the middle of the last century doctors were puzzled by the rising numbers of people who got heart diseases. Jerry Morris found one of the main causes: a sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle. He started exercising for a few minutes each day and lived until his 100th year.
If you wish to protect your heart, you have to do more than wander in the garden. The exercise needs to be reasonable. Jogging is not for everyone and a round trip to the gym takes a couple of hours, plus the monthly membership fee is only good value if you visit regularly. The answer is simple: walk.
A half-hour purposeful walk five times a week will lower your risk of heart disease, diabetes and strokes. Older people sometimes feel they have left it too late. But it is never too late to start and there are no upper age limits. Start gently. Take your time: a 15-minute flat walk in the nearest park, four or five times a week. Within a month or so, you are already beginning to protect your heart. Build the walks up. When you can fortably walk for half an hour in the park, go further: try following rivers and canals.
Regular walkers have their own natural gymnasium. There is no membership fee, just some of the finest scenery in the world. Great Britain is the walker’s gym. When you have followed the rivers and canals, and are enjoying walking for a couple of hours, head for the coast. Once again, build it up slowly. When you are fortable with long coastal walks, you can think of our national parks.
【小题1】Jerry Morris is mentioned in the first paragraph mainly to .A．make his epidemiological message known to the publicB．praise his research into ways of improving public health C．introduce the topic of doing exercise and keeping healthyD．give an example of a person who lives a healthy and long life【小题2】We can learn from the passage that .A．bus conductors are more likely to die of heart disease than bus drivers. B．doctors in the 1950s knew why heart diseases kept happening to people. C．walking is better than doing sports in a gym because it saves time and money.D．British people love walking because they have free gymnasium with finest scenery.【小题3】What suggestion does the writer give about walking? A．Parks are the best place for walking. B．Starters should not push themselves too hard. C．A two-quarter walk a day is suitable for starters.D．People of old age might not be fit enough to start walking.【小题4】What might be the best title for this passage? A．Long Life Comes from Walking B．Walking Helps Cure Heart Disease C．A Walk a Day Keeps the Doctors away D．An Hour’s Walk in Nature is Worth Two in the GymC
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(答案→)C
解析：文章讲述的是关于健康的话题。生活中有很多锻炼身体的方法和地方，但作者认为最经济的锻炼方法是散步。定期散步能减少患心脏病、糖尿病和中风的风险。刚开始的时候，不能操之过急，要循序渐进地进行散步锻炼。
【小题1】根据“You have probably never heard of him. He was a professor of public health. ...he produced one of the most famous epidemiological (流行病学) papers of the 20th century.”可知，作者在第一段没有详细介绍流行病学，排除A；第一段没有介绍他的研究方法，排除B；第一段没有给出论点，也就不可能列举例子，排除D；第一段介绍一个不出名的人，而且还是一个公共健康方面的教授，说明作者想要引入健康这个话题，故选C。
【小题2】根据第三段“a round trip to the gym takes a couple of hours, plus the monthly membership fee is only good value if you visit regularly. The answer is simple: walk.”可知，作者不提倡花钱和时间去健身房锻炼，最简单的方法是散步，由此可见，散步既省钱又实惠，故选C。
【小题3】根据倒数第二段“Start gently. Take your time: a 15-minute flat walk in the nearest park, four or five times a week. ...When you can fortably walk for half an hour in the park, go further: try following rivers and canals.”可知，对于刚起步的人来说，不要操之过急，应该循序渐进地进行散步锻炼，故选B。
【小题4】根据第四段“A half-hour purposeful walk five times a week will lower your risk of heart disease, diabetes and strokes.”可知，散步能降低得心脏病、糖尿病和中风的风险，并不能治愈心脏病，排除B；根据最后一段“There is no membership fee, just some of the finest scenery in the world.”可知，散步比去健身房节省了金钱和时间，并非比健身房的锻炼要好，排除D；A项文中未提及；故选C。