PART FOUR: WRITING
Section A
Directions: Read the following passage and plete the abstract by using the information for the passage. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.
Unlike in our country, violence against women is very fierce in some western and African countries. The basic cause of it lies in discrimination, which refutes women equality with men in all spheres of life. Violence is both underlies in discrimination and serves to strengthen discrimination.
Violence against women is a display of historically unequal status of women pared to men, which have resulted into domination and discrimination against women by men and to the prevention of the full development of women. Violence against women is one of the important social mechanisms by which women are constrained into a subordinate position in parison with men.
As violence against women is spread worldwide, many women are targets because of their ethnicity, class, sexual orientation or disability status.
Many women think that the psychological consequences of abuse are even more dangerous than its physical effects. The experience of abuse often shakes women's self-esteem (自尊) and puts them at great risk of a number of mental health problems, such as:
Depression is being broadly recognized as a main health problem in the world. Women who are abused by their partners suffer more depression, anxiety, and phobias than women who have not been abused, according to studies in Australia, Nicaragua, Pakistan, and the US.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a strong anxiety disorder that can happen when people go through or witness a traumatic event in which they feel disappointed and helpless or fear death or injury. The symptoms of PTSD contain mentally reliving the traumatic event by means of flashbacks; avoiding anything that would remind one of the events; experiencing disfort in sleeping and concentrating; and being easily alarmed or frightened.
The severe violence is also likely to lead to suicide. Some women kill themselves or try to do so. Researches from some countries, including Sweden, and the US, have displayed that domestic violence is closely connected with suicide. Battered women who have PTSD symptoms prove to be most likely to try suicide.
Abused women are more likely than other women to misuse alcohol and drugs.
When a person's everyday life functioning or life alternatives continue to be influenced, a post-traumatic stress disorder may be the problem, requiring professional treatment.
71.
Ⅰ．72.
●Historically unequal status
73. from men
Subordinate position
Ⅱ．74.
●Women’s self-esteem shake and 75.
76.
Post-traumatic stress disorder: 77. , helplessness, fear of 78.
79.
Alcohol and drug use
Ⅲ．80.
Professional treatment71. Violence against women 72. Causes/Reasons
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(答案→)71. Violence against women 72. Causes/Reasons
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