共享题干题 （一）Eye Problem回答下列问题。（1）Our eyes are under a great deal of strain these days as puter work, television viewing, night driving, and even sunshine are making exceptional demands. Sunlight, especially in the summer, is now regarded as one cause of cataracts( 白内障 ).（2）The thinning of the ozone ( 臭氧 ) layer means more short-wave ultraviolet (UV) rays ( 紫外线 ) are reaching the earth, and these are the biggest risk factor for clouding the lens of the eye. Ultraviolet rays increase the risk of changes to the cornea ( 角膜 ) causing clouded vision and eventually cataracts. The rays can be shielded only by anti-UV lenses. However, our eyes are not sufficiently prorated by fashion sunglasses.（3）"Poor night vision and eye fatigue are noticeably more mon, and there has been a big increase in minor eye plaints in the over-40s," says Dr. Mireille Bonnet, who more than 100,000 times a day and that everyone should learn to exercise their eye muscles and allow them to rest.（4）It was traditionally thought that near- or far- sightedness were inherited conditions and could not be influenced by environmental factors, but new research is challenging this assumption.（5）Recent studies suggest that up to 80 percent of schoolchildren in the United States and western Europe are nearsighted. Years of focusing on close, two- dimensional work causes most children to bee at least slightly nearsighted by the age of 10, say the researchers.（6）Problems with night vision, which affect around 25 percent of people, are also on the increase because of puter use. Using puter screens means the eye must operate in electromagnetic fields (电磁场) that make it work harder. It is estimated that 25 to 30 percent of people have eye conditions, such as difficulty with night vision, which result from staring at a screen.1.[不定向选择题]Sunlight in the summer is believed to be one cause of__________A.our parents B.clouded vision C.eye muscles. D.our eyes.E.puter useF.eye moveABCDEF确定 2.[不定向选择题]Paragraph 4__________A.The development of poor night vision B.The greatest threat to the eyes C.The function of sunglasses D.The reason for children's nearsightednessE.The effects of puter on the eyesF.The ways to reduce eye plaintsABCDEF确定
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1.参考答案：B
参考解析：根据文章第一段第二句话可以知道，夏天的阳光是造成白内障的主要原因。
2.参考答案：D
参考解析：根据文章第四段可以看到，以前大家认为遗传因素造成了近视和远视，跟环境因素不太有关系，但是新的发现挑战了这一观点。因此可以总结出这段给出了近视形成的两个因素。3.[不定向选择题]Paragraph 3__________A.The development of poor night vision B.The greatest threat to the eyes. C.The function of sunglasses D.The reason for children's nearsightedness.E.The effects of puter on the eyes.F.The ways to reduce eye plaints.ABCDEF确定