Malaria, the world's most widespread parasitic(寄生虫引起的) disease, kills as many as three million people every year—almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African. In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people don't (or can't) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its ine on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long.
Malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches. As the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body. Malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect. They can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain. If it doesn't kill you, malaria can happen again and again for years. The disease passed on to humans by female mosquitoes infected with one of four species of parasite. Together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth—and one of the most successful. Malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control. Studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more outbreaks in cities with large populations. Some of the disease's spread is due to global warming.
For decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make. Unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have bee resistant to it. Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive. If these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would e next.
【小题1】According to paragraph 1, many people don't seek care because .A．they can remain unaffected for longB．it is unusual to seek careC．they are too poorD．there are too many people suffering from the disease【小题2】People suffering from malaria .A．have to kill female mosquitoesB．have ability to defend parasitesC．have their red blood cells infectedD．have sudden fever, followed by chills【小题3】Which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease?A．Its outbreaks in cities with large populations.B．Its ability to pass on the virus frequently.C．Its resistance to global warming.D．Its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs.【小题4】It can be inferred from the passage that .A．no drugs have been found to treat the diseaseB．the alternative treatment is not easily available to most peopleC．malaria has developed its ability to resist parasitesD．nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease【小题5】Which of the following questions has NOT been discussed in the passage?A．How can we know one is suffering from malaria?B．How many people are killed by malaria each year?C．Why are there so many people suffering from malaria?D．What has been done to keep people unaffected for long?C
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(答案→)C
解析：文章介绍痢疾对人的健康的危害，分析人们患疟疾的原因，疟疾广泛传染的原因和痢疾的治疗方法。
【小题1】推断细节题。根据第一段中的“It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its ine on malaria treatment,and what they often get no longer works.”可判断出许多人不进行治疗的原因是他们太穷，没有钱治疗疟疾。选C。
【小题2】细节题。根据第二段中的“Malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect.”可判断出人们患疟疾的原因是他们的红血球受到了感染。选C。
【小题3】细节题。根据第二段中的“Malaria has five thousand genes,and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control.”可判断出疟疾广泛传染的原因是它有保护自己和抵抗新药的能力。选D。
【小题4】细节推断题。根据最后一段中的“Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available,but they have been in short supply and are very expensive.”可推断出由于新的治疗疟疾的药物缺乏并且很贵，所以大多数人不能用新的治疗方法治疗。选B。
【小题5】正误判断题。根据短文的内容可判断出短文没有涉及“做什么来使人们长时间不感染？”选D。