【小题1】Tom went to bed after he finished his homework.. （变同义句）
Tom didn’t until go to bed not to he finished his homework.
【小题2】Mr. Wang told us, “ don’t run in the rain”(同义句)
Mr. Wang told us work hard where ---reading run in the rain.
【小题3】He was very interested in learning Japanese.(同义句)
Hewill there much in learning Japanese.
【小题4】I was reading in the room when the bell rang.(划线提问)
were you when the bell rang?
【小题5】There will be little pollution. (改为反意疑问句)
There will be little pollution, ?
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解析：
【小题1】本题的含义为汤姆完成作业之后才去睡觉，也就是直到汤姆完成作业才去睡觉，not……until表示直到……才的意思，故本题的空格处填didn’t until。
【小题2】本题的含义为王先生叫我们不要在雨中跑，tell sb not to do 表示叫某人不要做某事，故本题空格处填not to。
【小题3】本题的含义为他对学习日语很感兴趣，也就是说很刻苦，work hard表示努力学习的意思，故本题的空格处填work hard。
【小题4】对地点提问的用where后跟一般疑问句，故本题的空格处填where reading。
【小题5】反义疑问句前句是肯定，后半句用否定结构，前半句是否定的意思，后半句用肯定的结构，本题前半句有个否定词little，故后半句用肯定结构，故本题空格处填will there。