Every day Yang Hongwei takes the bus home from work, staring silently at the European-styl

Every day Yang Hongwei takes the bus home from work, staring silently at the European-style villas(别墅), luxury cars and twinkling lights from the shopping center that he sees through the window.
Yang works for a software pany in Zhongguancun. He dreams of such a life, away from poverty, and that hope has kept him in Beijing for three years since he graduated from university.
Soon Yang squeezes his way off the bus to the reality of his life: his home—a 10-square-metre room that costs 550 yuan(81 US dollars) or about one-fifth of his salary in rent every month. It’s very cold inside the house as it has no central heating system. He has to stand the long and cold winter. Determined to achieve his dream, Yang says he has changed jobs “numerous” times in the past three years and is considering quitting his present job.
Yang’s frustration over his life as a migrant(移民) is shared by many other graduates that have moved into big cities. Together they have e to be called the “ant tribe”, a term created by Chinese sociologists to describe the struggles of young migrants, who, armed with their diplomas, flood to big cities in hopes of a better life only to put up with low-paying jobs and poor living conditions. They share every similarity with ants. They live in colonies in crowded areas. They’re intelligent and hardworking, yet unknown and underpaid. The term, sociologists have said, also reflects their helplessness in a world governed by the law of the concrete jungle—only the strongest survive.
A survey in Ant TribeⅡ found nearly 30 percent of the “ants” are graduates of famous key universities—almost three times the percentage of 2009. Most have degrees in popular majors, such as medicine, engineering, economics and management. In addition, 7.2 percent of the “ants” have at least a master’s degree pared to 1.6 percent in 2009. Most said the economic recovery did not really improve their financial situations, and 66 percent said their ines fell short of their expectations, the survey also found.
For two years, Lian Si, a post-doctoral fellow at the Center for Chinese and Global Affairs of Peking University, who has studied the phenomenon, led a team of more than 100 graduate students to follow the groups in university towns like Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan and Xi’an. Lian evaluates the total population of the “ant munity” in major cities at one million across China, with about 100,000 found in Beijing alone. Lian predicts that an increasingly challenging job market will see the ant tribe growing further in number. Another 6.3 million graduates are expected to join migrant workers and other job hunters in what promises to be a fierce labour petition.
The ant tribe’s embarrassing living situations have bee a serious social issue, and the government should develop “second-and-third-tier cities” to attract more graduates from big cities. However, “ants” expect more study and training opportunities in big cities, which keeps them in positive mindsets despite their situations. As in the case of Yang, he is optimistic about getting a new job soon, having received eight interview offers in a week after sending out his resume. The prospect of landing a higher-paying job keeps him hopeful of moving out of the slum district(贫民区) soon. The sooner the better.
【小题1】. Yang has worked in Beijing since graduation from university     .A．to live in a beautiful villa of European styleB．to have more opportunities to be promoted C．to struggle for a better-off life in a big cityD．to enjoy a busy life in a software pany【小题2】. Which of the following best describes “ant tribe”?A．It refers to the group of low-ine graduates living in embarrassing conditions.B．It refers to the people who work hard like ants but are paid little.C．It refers to the sociologists and scholars researching into some social phenomena.D．It refers to some well-educated people who can’t survive in society.【小题3】. What does the writer think of the phenomenon of “ant tribe”?A．“Ant tribe” has bee too serious a social problem to solve.B．It is the government’s duty to solve the problem of “ant tribe”.C．Both the government and the graduates have the responsibility.D．The existence of “ant tribe” has little influence on job markets.【小题4】. The passage is mainly about     .A．a new urban life style—“ant tribe” B．a recent survey about the “ant tribe”C．the “ant tribe’s” living conditionsD．the “ant tribe’s” dream and realityC