Putting in water fountains (饮水器) at schools, and teaching children about the health benefits of water, could reduce their risk of getting extra pounds, reports a new study that is published in the latest issue of the journal Pediatrics.
The findings are based on a survey in 32 elementary schools of two German cities, Dortmund and Essen. The researchers, led by Rebecca Muckelbauer, a nutritionist(营养学家) at the Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, weighed about 3,000 children, and asked them about their beverage consumption(饮料消费量).
At the beginning of the school year, the experts had water fountains added to 17 of the schools. The scientists also worked with teachers to carry out educational programs that promote the benefits of drinking water. In contrast to schools in the United States, there are very few schools in Germany that have water fountains.
At the beginning of the study, there were no big differences in the number of overweight children in the different groups. But by the end of the school year, children in the schools with water fountains were 31 per cent less likely to gain extra pounds, pared to kids who went to other schools, where water drinking was not encouraged.
Children in the schools with fountains increased their water consumption from about 3 up to 4 glasses a day, while those in the other schools continued to drink an average of 3 glasses. Over the research, the number of overweight kids upped from 384 to 385 out of 1,641 at the schools with water fountains. In parison, the number of overweight kids at the other schools increased from 339 to 364 out of 1,309, Dr. Muckelbauer said.
The experts cannot make any final conclusions and explain why the students who were encouraged to drink water were less likely to gain extra weight. Dr. Muckelbauer noted that according to a few other studies, drinking of water increases the rate at which calories are burned, while some other research suggested that water may temporarily decrease appetite (食欲).
【小题1】What do we know about the survey from the passage? A．The teachers were also encouraged to drink water.B．The students surveyed were all overweight.C．It surveyed children in the countryside.D．It lasted for a whole school year.【小题2】 What can be learned from the last paragraph? A．Drinking water certainly decreases appetite.B．Further research is needed to confirm the finding.C．The experts will encourage all the students to drink water.D．Why students drinking more get less pounds will be clear soon.【小题3】 What would be the best title for the passage? A．Schools with water fountainsB．Drink more water and bee thinnerC．Water fountains at schools help kids stay thinD．Water consumption at some German schoolsD
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(答案→)D
解析：本文主要通过在德国进行的一个实验来告诉我们多饮水可以让学生保持苗条身材。讲述了这个研究的细节和最后的结论。
【小题1】D 推理题。根据文章第4段At the beginning of the study, there were no big differences in the number of overweight children in the different groups. But by the end of the school year, children in the schools with water fountains were 31 per cent less likely to gain extra pounds, pared to kids who went to other schools, where water drinking was not encouraged.作者把学期开始的数据和学期结束的数据进行了比较，说明这个研究持续了一个学年。故D正确。
【小题2】B 推理题。根据文章最后一段1，2行The experts cannot make any final conclusions and explain why the students who were encouraged to drink water were less likely to gain extra weight.可知现在专家们无法得出一个最后的结论，也就是说要做更多的研究的调查。故B正确。
【小题3】C 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段Putting in water fountains (饮水器) at schools, and teaching children about the health benefits of water, could reduce their risk of getting extra pounds,可知本文主要讲述的是多饮水可以减少学生肥胖，可以让学生保持苗条。故C正确。