Researchers have found more evidence that suggests a relationship between races and rates of lung cancer among smokers. A new study shows that black people and Native Hawaiians are more likely to develop lung cancer from smoking. It pared their risk to whites, Japanese-Americans and Latinos.
Researchers at the University of Southern California and the University of Hawaii did the new study. The New England Journal of Medicine published the findings. The eight-year research studied more than 180,000 people. They included present and former smokers and people who never smoked. Almost 2,000 people in the study developed lung cancer.
Researchers say genetics might help explain the racial and ethnic differences. There could be differences in how people's bodies react to smoke. But environmental influences, including the way people smoke, could also make a difference.
African-Americans and Latinos in the study are reported smoking the fewest cigarettes per day. Whites are the heaviest smokers. But the scientists point out that blacks have been reported to breathe cigarette smoke more deeply than white smokers. This could fill their lungs with more of the chemicals in tobacco that cause cancer.
Scientists know that some diseases effect different groups differently. And some drug panies have begun to develop racially targeted medicines. Last June, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved a drug designed to treat heart failure in black patients. The name is BiDil. The agency called it a step toward the promise of personalized medicine.
【小题1】Which of the following orders is from higher to lower risk of having lung cancer?A．Whites—Native HawaiiansB．Africans—Americans—LatinosC．Asians—Native HawaiiansD．Africans—Americans—Native Hawaiians【小题2】Researchers agree that it is that may probably determine black people’s risk of lung cancer.A．the larger amount of smoking than white peopleB．the living style or habit of the blacksC．the depth of cigarette smoke into their lungsD．the physical strength to react to cigarette smoke【小题3】People in the new study are made up of .A．heavy smokers in America B．the black and white peopleC．the Asians and Hawaiians D．smokers and non-smokers【小题4】The production of BiDil referred to in the last paragraph is to .A．explain different races react to some diseases differentlyB．tell the readers that racial differences exist in smokersC．show a big step people have taken in the medicine areaD．support the idea that it is easy for blacks to have cancersB
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(答案→)B
解析：本文简述了肺癌和种族的关系，同时进一步说明同一种疾病对不同的种族也许会有不同的影响。
【小题1】B 排序题。根据第一段2,3行A new study shows that black people and Native Hawaiians are more likely to develop lung cancer from smoking. It pared their risk to whites, Japanese-Americans and Latinos.说明B的顺序正确。
【小题2】C 推理题。根据第四段But the scientists point out that blacks have been reported to breathe cigarette smoke more deeply than white smokers. This could fill their lungs with more of the chemicals in tobacco that cause cancer. 说明肺部吸入的烟的程度影响决定了人们患癌症的可能性大小。故C正确。
【小题3】D 细节题。根据第二段3,4行They included present and former smokers and people who never smoked说明接受调查的是中有抽烟的也有不抽烟的。故D正确。
【小题4】A 推理题。最后一段的中心思想是第一句Scientists know that some diseases effect different groups differently.下面所列举的例子正是为了解释这个中心思想，故A的说法正确。