There is one difference between the sexes on which every expert and study agrees: men are more aggressive than women. It shows up in 2-year-olds. It continues through school days and persists into adulthood. It is even constant across cultures. And there is little doubt that it is rooted in biology.
If there's a woman’s trait(特点) which is the same as men’s aggressiveness, it's what social scientists refer to as the result of education. Feminists have argued that the caring nature of women is not biological in origin, but rather has been forced into women by a society that wanted to keep them in the home. But the signs that it is at least partly inborn are too numerous to ignore. Just as tiny infant girls respond more readily to human faces, female toddlers(学步者) learn much faster than males how to pick up nonverbal cues（非言语暗示） from others. And grown women are far more skilful than men at interpreting facial expressions: A recent study by University of Pennsylvania brain researcher Ruben Gur showed that they easily read emotions such as anger, sadness and fear. The only such emotion men could pick up was disgust.
What difference do such differences make in the real world? Among other things, women appear to be somewhat less petitive--or at least petitive in different ways--than men. At the Harvard Law School, for instance, female students enter with qualities just as outstanding as those of their male peers. But they don' t qualify for the well-known Law Review in proper numbers, a fact some school officials owe to women' s disfort in the incredibly petitive atmosphere.
Students of management styles have found fewer differences than they expected between men and women who reach leadership positions, perhaps because many successful women deliberately imitate men. But an analysis by Purdue social psychologist Alice Eagly of 166 studies of leadership style did find one difference: Men tend to be more “autocratic”-making decisions on their own--while women tend to consult colleagues more often. Studies of behavior in small groups turn up even more differences. Men will typically dominate the discussion, says University of Toronto psychologist Kenneth Dion, spending more time talking and less time listening.
【小题1】The passage mainly discusses .
A．how sex differences are demonstrated in social relations
B．how hormone determines sex differences
C．why there are differences between males and females
D．why men and women have different social roles【小题2】Which of the following is true of women's nurturing nature according to the passage?A．It is not inborn in any sense.B．It is inspired by women’s families.C．It is caused by social prejudice.D．It is partly biological in origin.【小题3】The Harvard Law School example in paragraph 3 suggests that .A．women are not as petitive as menB．law is not the fight profession for womenC．women are as excellent as men when they are youngD．academic qualities are not equal to performance【小题4】Which of the following statement is true according to paragraph 4?A．Men leaders should consult colleagues and subordinates more often.B．Female leaders' success is due to their imitating male leaders.C．Men and women are different in their leadership style.D．Decisiveness is an important quality for a successful politician.【小题5】It can be inferred from the passage that the writer .A．denies the difference sexes make in real lifeB．is prejudiced against menC．discourages women to be petitiveD．treats sex difference objectivelyA
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(答案→)A
解析：
【小题1】主旨题.本文在前两段论述了男女性别的差异，在第三段第一句提出问题“这种差异在现实中有什么意义”，紧接着后面开始阐述这种差别所导致的男女在竞争及工作中的不同表现. 故选A。
【小题2】细节题. 由第二段第三句“But the signs that it is at least partly inborn are too numerous to ignore．”可知，女性的这个特征有先天方面的原因. 故选D。
【小题3】主旨题.该段的主旨句是第二句“…women appear to be somewhat less petitive…”, 该句提出了“女性在竞争力方面不如男性”的观点，后文所举例证即是为了证明这一观点.故选A。
【小题4】判断题. 由文章第四段最后一句“Men tend to more…mote often．”可知，男性比较专断而女性则喜欢和同事商量再做决定. 从而看出男女在管理方式上的差异. 故选C。
【小题5】推理题.作者在说男女之间差异时并无偏袒任何一方，而是通过研究结果来分析说明男女的差异，因此是客观的表达，故选D。