The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece. If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing 21 .
What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, 22 revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent（经历）such a process.
When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had 23 several revisions due to problems with costuming andmakeup (戏服和化妆). For instance, Lloyd Webber 24 some of the music because the Phantom's makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds.
When you revise, you change aspects of your work in 25 to your evolving(不断演变的) purpose, or to include 26 ideas or newly discovered information.
Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. 27 , it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to 28 topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However, don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows training. Always make time to bee your own 29 and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you 30 new ideas.
Revising involves 31 the effectiveness and appropriateness（恰当）of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more 32 , and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose 33 throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the 34 ; that is, facts, opinions, inferences --- that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many 35 details that may confuse readers?
【小题1】A．techniqueB．styleC．processD．career【小题2】A．in particularB．as a resultC．for exampleD．in other words【小题3】A．undergoneB．skippedC．rejectedD．replaced【小题4】A．rewroteB．releasedC．recordedD．reserved【小题5】A．additionB．responseC．oppositionD．contrast【小题6】A．fixedB．ambitiousC．familiarD．fresh【小题7】A．HoweverB．MoreoverC．InsteadD．Therefore【小题8】A．discussB．switchC．exhaustD．cover【小题9】A．directorB．masterC．audienceD．visitor【小题10】A．personalB．valuableC．basicD．delicate【小题11】A．mixingB．weakeningC．maintainingD．assessing【小题12】A．specificallyB．freshlyC．swiftlyD．loosely【小题13】A．amazingB．brightC．uniqueD．clear【小题14】A．anglesB．evidenceC．informationD．hints【小题15】A．unnecessaryB．uninterestingC．concreteD．finalC
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(答案→)C
解析：修改是作品写作过程中非常重要且必须的步骤。文章讲叙了作品修改的目的和途径。
【小题1】考查名词辨析,参照下文的“Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”和“However. don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage”。名词technique（技术）、style（风格）、career（事业、生涯）都不符题意。选C。
【小题2】考查介词短语辨析，前面adding, deleting, replacing, reordering都是revising的方面，所以revising和这些名词同义；介词短语in other words表示“换句话说”。介词短语in particular（尤其、特别表强调）、as a result（因此，表结果）、for example（例如，表举例说明）都不符题意。选D。
【小题3】考查动词辨析，动词skip（跳远）、reject（拒绝、抵制）replace（取代）都不符题意。人们观看的是完美的表演，但表演之前作品经历了（undergo）多次修改，与上段的“Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”对应。选A。
【小题4】考查动词辨析，动词release（释放、赦免、发行）、record（记录、录音）、reserve（保留、预订）都不符题意。动词rewrite表示“重写、修改”，与动词revise同义，与本篇文话题相关。选A。
【小题5】考查介词短语辨析，介词短语in addition to表示“而且、除…之外还有”，in opposition to表示“与...的意见相反”，in contrast to表示“与...形成对比”，都与本题不符。in response to（作为对┄的反应）在本句表示“你修改作品是对你想改进作品目的的一种回应”选B。
【小题6】考查形容词辨析，fresh ideas 与后面的newly discovered information对应。选D本题难度适中。
【小题7】考查副词辨析，副词Moreover（而且）类似与but also表递进含义，与前面句not just（only）呼应。副词However（然而，表转折关系）、Instead（作为替代、反而，表相反含义）、Therefore（因此，表原因）都不符题意。B本题难度适中。
【小题8】考查动词辨析，switch topics（变换标题）属于修改作品的一部分。动词discuss（讨论）、exhaust（汲干、使筋疲力尽）、cover（覆盖、包含）都不符题意。B本题难度适中。
【小题9】考查名词辨析，，名词audience（观众）与下句view your dress rehearsal对应。名词director（导演）、master（主人、大师）、visitor（来访者）都与题意不符。选C。
【小题10】考查形容词辨析，形容词valuable表示“做自己作品的观众能给你有价值的新信息”。形容词personal（个人的）、basic（基本的）、delicate（娇贵的、纤弱的、精美的）都与题意不符。选B。
【小题11】考查动词辨析，，动词mix在本句表示“修改就是把作品所有方面的有效性和适当性融合在一起”。选A
【小题12】考查副词：A. specifically专门地B. freshly新鲜地C. swiftly快速地D. loosely松散地，更加具体的制定目标，选A。
【小题13】考查形容词辨析，形容词clear在本句表示“我的文章大意或写作意图是否清晰”，与下文confuse readers对应。形容词amazing（令人惊讶的）、bright（明亮的、聪明的）、unique（独特的）都与题意不符。选D。
【小题14】考查名词辨析，后句名称facts、opinions、inferences都属于information，与上句newly discovered information对应。C本题难度适中。
【小题15】考查形容词辨析， unnecessary details表示“多余的信息”反而使读者困惑、误导读者。uninteresting（单调的、乏味的）、concrete（具体的）、final（最终的、决定性的）都与题意不符。选A。