D
Americans are pound of their variety- and individuality(多样性与个性), yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform（制服）, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes. People have bee conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform ?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible (可减税的). They are often more fortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also dear to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.
【小题1】It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality .A．still judge a man by his clothesB．hold the uniform in such high regardC．enjoy having a professional identityD．will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform【小题2】 People are used to thinking that a man in uniform .A．suggests quality workB．discards his social identityC．appears to be more practicalD．looks superior to a person in civilian clothes【小题3】The chief function of a uniform is to . A．provide practical benefits to the wearerB．make the wearer catch the public eyeC．inspire the wearer’s confidence in himselfD．provide the wearer with a professional identity【小题4】According to the passage, people wearing uniforms .A．are usually helpfulB．have little or no individual freedomC．tend to lose their individuality D．enjoy greater popularityB
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(答案→)B
解析：本文讲述了在崇尚多样化的美国社会里，人们仍然非常喜欢制服，分析了具体的原因，并说明了制服的利弊。
【小题1】B 推理题。根据第一段2，3行Americans are pound of their variety- and individuality(多样性与个性), yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform（制服）, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general.可知美国人十分喜欢制服这很奇怪，因为美国人崇尚多样化，故B正确。
【小题2】D 细节题。根据文章第二段1,2行Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes.可知美国人认为穿制服的人看起来更职业，故D正确。
【小题3】D 推理题。根据第二段最后3行What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform ?
可知制服让人很容易就辨认出穿着的人的身份。故D正确。
【小题4】D 根据文章二段The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform.可知穿制服的人更受欢迎。