their homework, these three students have to stay in the classroom for another thirty min

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A. Not finishing
B. Not finished
C. Having not finished
(答案→)D. Not having finished
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：（由于）没有完成他们的作业，这些学生不得不在教室里再呆三十分钟。现在分词作原因状语表示正在进行的伴随性动作，如果动作发生在谓语动词之前，则用完成时态的过去分词，故选D。