Healthy people with stressful jobs who work long hours but get little satisfaction from what they do have twice the risk of dying from heart disease as satisfied employees, according to a study. Job stress has been known to cause heart problems in people who already have cardiovascular disease (心血管病). Finnish scientists have now shown that even in healthy people the pressures of work can take their toll. High blood pressure, lack of exercise, smoking and being overweight contribute to heart disease—a leading killer in many industrialized countries.
But Mika Kivimaki, of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, and his colleagues, who studied the medical histories of 812 healthy Finnish men and women in a metal industry pany over 25 years, said job stress also plays an important role.
Workers who had the highest job-related stress levels at the start of the study were more than twice as likely to die of heart disease, according to the study published in The British Medical Journal. Work stress involves too much work as well as a lack of satisfaction and feeling undervalued and unappreciated. Many people work long hours but if the effort is rewarding the stress is minimized.
The British Heart Foundation said the results support earlier research showing that people in jobs with low control, such as manual(体力的) workers, could be as great risk of heart disease than other employees. “ It is advisable for people to try to minimize levels of stress at work and for employees to allow people to have more control at work and to be rewarded for their successes,” the foundation said in a statement.
【小题1】Healthy people may die from heart disease of .A．too much job stress B．working too hardC．feeling valuedD．being satisfied【小题2】Which one of the following is NOT right according to this passage?A．High blood pressure is likely to cause heart disease.B．Being overweight may cause heart disease.C．Job stress is most likely to cause heart disease.D．Working long hours must cause heart disease.【小题3】The underlined word “minimized” in the third paragraph means “ ”.A．increasedB．reducedC．raisedD．cured【小题4】The author’s purpose in writing the passage is to .A．advise people not to work long hours B．suggest that everyone be satisfied with everythingC．ask us to learn to enjoy ourselvesD．tell us that job stress threatens our health nowadays.A
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(答案→)A
解析：文章讲述了工作压力的危害。年轻人长时间的工作得不到回报，加上高压的影响，突发心脏病的风险很高。同时，高血压、缺乏锻炼、抽烟、肥胖等都会增加心脏病的风险。年轻人应该学会减压，雇主应该给员工更多的自由以释放压力。
【小题1】根据第一段“Healthy people with stressful jobs who work long hours but get little satisfaction from what they do have twice the risk of dying from heart disease”可知，长时间从事压力大的工作并获得很少的满足感的健康人，死于心脏病的风险比较高，故选A。
【小题2】根据第一段最后两行“High blood pressure, lack of exercise, smoking and being overweight contribute to heart disease”可知，高血压、缺乏锻炼、抽烟、肥胖等都会增加心脏病的风险，长时间工作不一定导致心脏病。故选D。
【小题3】Many people work long hours but if the effort is rewarding the stress is minimized.许多人工作时间都很长，但是如果他们的努力得到了回报，压力就会减少。A增加；B减少；C提高；D治愈。故选B。
【小题4】文章讲述了工作压力给年轻人带来的危害，长时间的工作得不到回报，在高压下，突发心脏病的风险很高。同时，高血压、缺乏锻炼、抽烟、肥胖等都会增加心脏病的风险。年轻人应该学会减压，雇主应该给员工更多的自由以释放压力。故选D。