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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust is a tragic play and the best known version of the Faust story.It was published in two parts:Faust Part One (Faust:der Tragödie erster Teil) and Faust Part Two (Faust:der Tragödie zweiter Teil).4612 lines long,the play is a closet drama,meaning that it is meant to be read rather than performed.It is Goethe's most famous work and considered by many to be the greatest work of German literature,and by some of Modern literature.
Part One was preliminarily pleted by Goethe in 1806.The 1808 publication was followed by the revised 1828鈥?829 edition,which was the last to be edited by Goethe himself.Prior to these appeared a partial printing in 1790 of Faust,a Fragment.The earliest forms of the work,known as the Urfaust,were developed between 1772 and 1775; however,the details of that development are no longer entirely clear.
Goethe finished writing Faust Part Two in 1832,the year of his death.In contrast to Faust Part One,the focus here is no longer on the soul of Faust,which has been sold to the devil,but rather on social phenomena such as psychology,history and politics.The second part formed the principal occupation of Goethe's last years and appeared only posthumously in 1832.
The principal characters of Faust Part One include:
Heinrich Faust,a scholar,sometimes said to be based on the real life of Johann Georg Faust,or on Jakob Bidermann's dramatized account of the Legend of the Doctor of Paris,Cenodoxus
Mephistopheles,a Devil
Gretchen,Faust's love (short for Margaret; Goethe uses both forms)
Marthe,Gretchen鈥檚 neighbour
Valentin,Gretchen鈥檚 brother
Wagner,Faust's famulus
Faust Part One is a plex story.It takes place in multiple settings,the first of which is heaven.Mephistopheles makes a bet with God.He says that he can deflect God's favorite human being (Faust),who is striving to learn everything that can be known,away from righteous pursuits.The next scene takes place in Faust's study where Faust,despairing at the vanity of scientific,humanitarian and religious learning,turns to magic for the showering of infinite knowledge.He suspects,however,that his attempts are failing.Frustrated,he ponders suicide,but rejects it as he hears the echo of nearby Easter celebrations begin.He goes for a walk with his assistant Wagner and is followed home by a stray poodle.
In Faust鈥檚 study,the poodle transforms into the