Last year more than one million Filipinos worked abroad as servants,nurses,sailors and in other difficult but low-paid jobs.Southeast Asians leave their poorer countries for their richer neighbours.
Many of these wage-earners return in the end.In the meantime,they send home huge amounts of money—in the Philippines’ case,over 10% of its GDP.Between January and November,the amount was up 18% on the same period of 2005.Poverty and unemployment are still high in the Philippines and other labour-exporting(劳务输出) countries.They would be far worse but for this outflow of bodies and inflow of dollars.As for those Asian countries that import(输入) labour,as in Europe,falling birth rates mean they are going to need more foreign workers.
On January 13th leaders of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN) signed an agreement to help migrant(流动的) workers—with the realization that the flow of labour between their countries is a growing problem that they cannot blame on outsiders.A 2005 study showed that 8.4 million Southeast Asians worked outside their home countries,but this did not include the huge numbers of Indonesians doing so without papers.So the true total is probably rather higher.
Of the ten ASEAN countries,the Philippines,Indonesia,Myanmar,Cambodia,Vietnam and Laos export labour,Singapore and Brunei import it,and Thailand and Malaysia do both.Sziraczki of the UN’s International Labour Organization points out that,in the next ten years,the total labour force of the worker-exporting countries should grow by about a third.It makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.
People in the receiving countries seem to be worried about petition for their jobs.Most Thais said their government should admit(准入) no more foreign workers,and a few thought otherwise.Even in Singapore,just over half of people are against admitting more foreign workers.Malaysians think that the increase in foreign workers has worsened crime rates(犯罪率).
【小题1】It can be inferred from the case of the Philippines that .A．the country is Asia’s main source of migrant workersB．labour exports lead to a 10% growth of its GDPC．the outflow of labour helps solve its social problemsD．the country both exports and imports labour force【小题2】The flow of labour is a growing problem because .A．there is a greater flow of labour than reportedB．more Indonesians work abroad without papersC．some countries suffer from low birth ratesD．the ASEAN is against admitting foreign workers【小题3】For the labour-importing countries,the flow of labour may lead to .A．higher birth ratesB．lower crime ratesC．greater money inflowsD．stronger job petition【小题4】The writer of the text seems to .A．support the flow of labour between countriesB．report fairly on the question of labour flowC．express his worries over the ASEAN’s decisionD．regard the outflow of labour as a serious problemC
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(答案→)C
解析：
【小题1】这是一道细节推断题。根据第二段中的“Poverty and unemployment are still high in the Philippines and other labour-exporting countries.They would be far worse but for this outflow of bodies and inflow of dollars.”可判断出劳务输出可帮助解决社会问题。
【小题2】这是一道细节推断题。根据第三段中“A 2005 study showed that 8.4 million Southeast Asians worked outside their home countries,but this did not include the huge numbers of Indonesians doing so without papers.So the true total is probably rather higher.”可判断出劳力的流动成为越来越大的问题的原因是劳力的流动的数量比报告的要多。
【小题3】这是一道细节题。根据最后一段中的“People in the receiving countries seem to be worried about petition for their jobs.”可判断出对于劳力输入的国家来说，劳力的流动可能引起激烈的工作竞争。
【小题4】这是一道主旨题。根据这篇短文的内容可推断出这篇短文的作者公正地报道了劳力流动的问题。