Some years ago industries had more freedom than they have now, and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them; often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.
Of course sometimes there were real disasters which attracted the attention of governments and which showed the need for changes. Also scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore. At such times, they inquire into the causes of the disasters or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries; however. the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill.
Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers．In the U.S, for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that panies sell. A third department looks at the places where people work. and then reports any panies that are breaking the laws which protect the health and safety of workers. Of course, new government departments and new laws cannot prevent every accident or illness. but they are having some good results. Our work places are safer and cleaner than before. The planes and cars which we use for travel are better. Producers are thinking more about the safety and health of the people who buy and use their products.
【小题1】The main topic of the passage is .A．conditions in the work placeB．the freedom of industries in the pastC．changes in industrial productionD．the safety and health of workers and customers【小题2】It can be inferred from the passage that in the past .A．workers often got ill because of the poor working conditionsB．panies were free to put out any products they wanted toC．many people were killed by dangerous productsD．industries were as careful in management as they are today【小题3】It is implied (暗示) in the passage that .A．governments and panies had different opinions about the safety of productsB．governments paid little attention to the safety of productsC．government officials often did not listen to scientistsD．in the past no safety laws were introduced by governmentsD
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(答案→)D
解析：
【小题1】这是标题归纳题。根据第一自然段和最后一然段可以看出应选D。
【小题2】这是推理理解题。根据often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.可以推出答案故选A.
【小题3】这是推理理解题。根据New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries; however. the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill.
可以推出过去政府没有立法去保护工人的身体健康，故选D。