A study published in September suggests there is a surprising way to get people to avoid unhealthy foods: change their memories. Scientist Elizabeth Loftus of the University of California at Irvine asked volunteers to answer some questions on their personalities and food experiences. “One week later,” Loftus says, “we told those people we'd fed their answers into our smart puter and it came up with an account of their early childhood experiences.” Some accounts included one key additional detail. “You got sick after eating strawberry ice-cream.” The researchers then changed this detail into a manufactured (人为促成的) memory through leading questions --- Who were you with? How did you feel? By the end of the study, up to 41% of those given a false memory believed strawberry ice-cream once made them sick, and many said they'd avoid eating it.
When Loftus published her findings, she started getting calls from people begging her to make them remember hating chocolate or French fries. Unfortunately, it's not that easy. False memories appear to work only for foods you don't eat on a regular basis. But most importantly, it is likely that false memories can be implanted (灌输) only in people who are unaware of the mental control. And lying to a patient is immoral(不道德的), even if a doctor believes it's for the patient's benefit.
Loftus says there's nothing to stop parents from trying it with their overweight children. “I say, wake up --- parents have been lying about Father Christmas for years, and nobody seems to mind. If they can prevent diseases caused by fatness and all the other problems that e with that, you might think that's more moral lie. Decide that for yourself.”
【小题1】Why did Loftus ask the volunteers to answer some questions?A．To improve her puter program.B．To find out details she can make use of.C．To find out their attitudes towards food.D．To predict what food they'll like in the future.【小题2】What did Loftus find out from her research?A．People believe what the puter tells them.B．People tend to forget their childhood experiences. C．People can be led to believe in something false.D．People are not always aware of their personalities.【小题3】According to the study, people may stop having a certain food if they . A．think they once had a bad experience of eating itB．learn it is harmful for healthC．lie to themselves that they don't want itD．are willing to let doctors control their minds【小题4】What is the biggest concern with the method?A．Who it is best forB．When it is effective.C．How it should be used.D．Whether it is moral.B
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(答案→)B
解析：
【小题1】推理题。根据第一段内容可知Loftus问问题就是为了获得更多的细节，然后输入电脑进行研究。
【小题2】细节题。根据第一段倒数第三行up to 41% of those given a false memory believed strawberry ice-cream once made them sick可知人们考试相信一些错误的事情。
【小题3】推理题。根据第一段内容可知一些人避免吃一种食物是因为他们认为指这种食物让他们有不好的经历，就如第一段中提及的吃了草莓冰激凌让他生病这样的事情，会让一些人不再吃草莓冰激凌。
【小题4】推理题。根据第二段4,5行And lying to a patient is immoral(不道德的), even if a doctor believes it's for the patient's benefit. 可知这种方法最大的担心就是是否道德。