哪位达人告诉我英语动词的非常规用法有哪些?也可以说说常规的用法或者做一下对比说明.不好意思题目没说完

网友回答

分词是一种非谓语动词, 分为二种形式, 现在分词和过
去分词.它具有形容词或副词的特征可放在句中作表语、宾
补、定语或状语.同时仍保留动词的特征, 可以带其所需要的
宾语或状语而构成分词短语.在分词作状语时, 其逻辑主语一
般应与句子的主语一致.如果不一致的话, 分词前面可以带有
自己的逻辑主语(名词或代词) , 构成分词的独立结构(或称
为带逻辑主语的分词结构).分词独立结构可表示伴随情况、
陪衬动作、附加说明以及表示时间、原因、条件等.
例如: The moon has no light of its own, only sunlight
shining on it. (附加说明)
She rushed out the room, the lit t le baby carried in her
arm s1 (伴随动作)
M aggie ran back to the kitchen, eggs held carefully in
her hand1 (伴随动作)
They being blind men, how could they see the
elephants? (= A s they w ere blind men111 ) (表示原因)
Circum stances changed, it is necessary for you to make a
new p lan1 (表示原因)
A force acting through a distance, work is done. (表示
条件)Both bright side and dark side considered, you w ill have
the confidence to overe this difficulty1 (表示条件)
All flights having been cancelled because of the
snowstorm, many passengers could do no thing but take the
t rain1
一、现在分词
动词语态形式 及物动词主动语态 被动语态 不及
物动词一般式 writing being written going
完成式 having written having been written having
gone.(一) 现在分词的时态和语态
1. 现在分词的时态
① 一般式表示其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发
生, 或之前、之后发生.
She hurried home looking behind as she w ent1
Hearing the noise they immediately rushed out of the
room.② 完成式表示的动作通常发生在其谓语动词所表示的
动作之前.Having studied in the university for 3 years he knows the
place very well.
Having lit a candle she went out.
2. 现在分词的被动语态:
① 一般式的被动通常作后置定语
The quest ion being discussed is important.Let’s go and see the new house being built by the lake1② 现成式的被动通常作状语Having been shown the lab we were taken to the library1Having been criticized by the teacher LiMing gave upsmoking.3. 分词的否定形式