状语从句的省略具体是怎样的? 英语
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【答案】 状语从句的省略
一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中:由 when ,while ,as ,before,after ,till,until,once等引导的时间状语从句;由whether ,if ,unless 等引导的条件状语从句;由 though ,although ,even if ,whatever等引导的让步状语从句;由 as ,than 等引导的比较状语从句;由as,as if ,as though 等引导的方式状语从句.上述状语从句在省略时,并非任何成分都可以省略而是遵循下面原则:
(1)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be ,这时从句中可出现如下结构:
① 连词(as,as if ,once)+ 名词
如:Once (he was)a worker ,Pang Long now bees a famous singer .庞龙曾经是个工人,现在变成一位著名的歌手.
②连词( though,whether ,when)+形容词
如:Work hard when (you are) young ,or you'll regret.趁年轻要努力学习,要不然你会后悔的.
③连词(whether,as if ,while )+介词短语
如:He looked everywhere as if (he was)in search of something .他到处看似乎在找什么东西.
④连词(when ,while ,though )+ 现在分词
如:While (he was) holding talks with President Hu Jintao ,US President George W.Bush thanked China for its important role in the Six-Party Talks.
⑤ 连词(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until,than ,as ) + 过去分词
如:The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected .这次展览比被预料的有趣的多
⑥ 连词(as if ,as though ) + 不定式
如:Olympic gold medallist hurdler Liu Xiang opened his lips as if (he were) to speak .奥林匹克金牌获得者跨栏运动员刘翔张开嘴好象要说什么.
(2)当从句的主语是 it,谓语动词中又含有系动词be 时 ,可以把it和系动词be一起省略.此时构成连词(if ,unless ,when ,whenever)+形容词的结构.如:Unless (it is) necessary ,you'd better not refer to the dictionary.如果没有必要,你最好不要查字典.
各种状语从句的省略现象列举如下:
一、时间状语从句中的省略
When (she was) very young,she began to learn to play the piano.她很小时,就开始学习弹钢琴.
While (I was) at college,I began to know him,a strange but able student.我在上大学时就开始认识他,一个奇怪但有能力的学生.
When arriving,send me a telegram.(When you arrive,send me a telegram.) 到达之后,来个电报.
Before leaving,turn off all the lights.(Before you leave,turn off all the lights.) 走之前,请关闭所有的灯.
Don’t e in until (you are) asked to.不叫你请你不要进来.
Whenever (it is )possible,you should e and help.不管什么时候只要有可能就来帮忙.
You should let us know the result as soon as(it is) possible.你应尽快让我们知道结果.
注:as在引导时间状语从句时,没有这种省略现象.我们不可说As walking,she found a nice shining thing on the ground.
二、地点状语从句中的省略
地点状语从句的省略常用下列结构:where(ver) possible,where(ver) necessary,
Lay these books where possible you can find them easily.把这些书放在你可能容易找到的地方.
Put in articles wherever necessary in the following passages.在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠词.
三、条件状语从句中的省略
常用的句型是:if necessary,if possible,if true,if anyone等.如:
Send the goods now if (they are) ready.货物如果准备好了,请送过来.
He will e if (he is) asked.如果叫他来,他就来.
If (it is) necessary,ring me at home.如果有可能,朝我家里打电话.
Come along with me if (it is) possible.如果有可能和我一起去吧..
If (it is) true,this will casue us a lot of trouble.如果是真的,这会给我们带来很多麻烦.
There are few people nowadays,if (there are) any,who remember him.很少有人能记起他.
You should stay where you are,unless (you are) asked to leave.你应呆在你现在的地方不动,除非叫你动.
四、让步状语从句中的省略
He is a good man,though sometimes (he is) rather dull.他真是个好人,尽管有时有点无聊.
Even if (I am ) invited to,I won’t go to such a bad lecture.即使邀我去,我都不想听如此坏的报告.
五、比较状语从句中的省略
She can play the piano just as wonderfully as you (do).她钢琴弹的我你弹的一样好.
She has finished the work earlier than (it has been ) expected.