Do people ever consider the possibility that, if they’re exposed to increased reports about a social problem, it’s the reporting that has increased rather than the problem? It’s increasingly clear that this is the case with school bullying（欺凌）：Only news reports about it have increased, not the behavior itself. In fact, both bullying and fear of it are down among US middle school students
The rate of students who reported fearing an attack or harm at school at all has dropped dramatically, from nearly 12% in 1995 to less than 4% in 2011. For black and Hispanic students, it’s an even more encouraging shift—from more than 20% of both groups of students worried about being attacked at school to less than 5% in 2011.
The decline in actual physical violence in schools is even more dramatic: It was down 74% between 1992 and 2010, according to the latest US Department of Justice data.
What about cyberbullying? Online harassment increased from 6% in 2000 to 9% in 2005 to 11% in 2010 between, and it’s interesting to note that it increased less between 2005 and ’10 than in the first 5 years tracked. Because social media is very much a reflection of school social life for young people, the peer aggression seen in social media is a lot like the peer aggression seen on school bathroom walls. So once it finds its “dead level,” it will probably decline in the same way verbal and written aggression have.
Besides education and crime prevention at the social level, medicine treatment and better access to mental healthcare also contribute to this downward trend in victimization of self and others.
The rise of social media is what people don’t typically think of as a positive force in society. But Finkelhor, director of the Crimes Against Children Research Center at the University of New Hampshire says, “These technologies might have prevented crime and bullying by providing more ways of help, more forms of social supervision, and interesting activities that destroy forms of alienation(异化) that lead to crime”.
【小题1】From the first paragraph we learn that .A．school bullying has increased because of increased reportsB．school bullying has decreased because of increased reportsC．the number of reports on school bullying has increasedD．the number of reports on school bullying has decreased【小题2】The underlined word is closest in meaning to .A．crimeB．aggressionC．surfingD．munication【小题3】The cyberbullying is still increasing probably because .A．it isn't as easy to control as the other school bullyingB．it hasn't been concerned by the governmentsC．it isn't part of school social lifeD．it hasn't e to its top level【小题4】Finkelhor believes that social media have a influence on the falling trend of school bullying.A．positiveB．negativeC．majorD．slightC
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(答案→)C
解析：
学校里面发生“欺凌”事件的比例在下降，除了教育和预防措施外，医学治疗及心理干预也是重要原因。至于网络上发生的“欺凌”事件还在增长，是因为其发生率还没有达到峰值。但增长率在降低。更有论者认为，网络社交媒体对于减少“欺凌”事件具有积极作用。
【小题1】由第一段Only news reports about it have increased, not the behavior itself 一句可知，学校欺凌事件本身并未增加，只是欺凌事件的报道多了起来。故选择C项。
【小题2】第四段说的是网络欺凌。欺凌还不能算是犯罪，排除A项。但欺凌是一种“侵犯”。aggression: 冒犯、侵犯。故选择B项。
【小题3】从第四段So once it finds its “dead level,” it will probably decline in the same way verbal and written aggression have.一句可知，社交媒体是现实社会的反映，一旦网络欺凌事件达到峰值（dead level）极有可能会减少。故选择D项。
【小题4】由最后一段Finkelhor 的话（These technologies might have prevented crime and bullying by providing more ways of help, more forms of social supervision, and interesting activities …）可知，Finkelhor认为网络等现代技术可预防犯罪和欺凌，原因在于其提供了更多救助方法、更多社会监管以及有趣的活动。故A项正确。