For a clearer picture of what the student knows, most teachers use another kind of examination in addition to objective tests. They use “essay” tests, which require students to write long answers to broad, general questions such as the following: “Mention several ways in which Benjamin Franklin has influenced thinking of people in his own country and in other parts of the world.”
One advantage of the essay test is that it reduces the element of luck. The student cannot get a high score just by making a lucky guess. Another advantage is that it shows the examiner more cares about the student’s ability to put facts together into a meaningful whole. It should show how deeply he has thought about the subject. Sometimes, though, essay tests have disadvantages, too. Some students are able to write rather good answers without really knowing much about the subject, while other students who actually know the material have trouble expressing their ideas in the essay form.
Besides, in an essay test the student’s score may depend upon the examiner’s feelings at the time of reading the answer. If he is feeling tired or bored, the student may receive a lower score than he should. Another examiner reading the same answer might give it a much higher mark. Because of this, the objective test gives each student a fairer chance, and of course it is easier and quicker to score.
Whether an objective test or an essay test is used, problems arise. When some objective questions are used along with some essay questions, however, a fairly clear picture of the student’s knowledge can usually be gotten.
【小题1】What may have been discussed in the previous paragraphs?A．The essay test.B．How teachers test their students.C．How students write their essays.D．The objective test.【小题2】The essay test is preferred because .A．it shows more about the student’s understanding of the subjectB．it tests the student’s knowledge of the material as well as his expression of ideasC．it gives each student a fairer chanceD．its scoring may be influenced by the examiner’s feelings【小题3】 The underlined word “this” refers to the fact that .A．students may receive a lower score in an essay testB．another examiner usually gives the answer a higher markC．different examiners may give the same essay different scoresD．the objective test gives each student a fairer chance【小题4】According to the passage, which of the following statements about the objective test is NOT true?A．It is more objective than the essay test in terms of scoring.B．It allows the student to guess the correct answer without really knowing the material.C．It shows the student’s ability to think about difficult problems.D．It is easy and quick to score.D
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(答案→)D
解析：
【小题1】文章一、二、三段讲的是essay test，四段开头提出是否采取objective test还是essay test，所以下文应讲Objective Test。
【小题2】第二段第四句可知。
【小题3】文章第三段说采取问卷考试分数主要取决于评卷人，对同一题的答卷不同人因个人的喜好和身体疲倦等会给出不同的分数。所以， this 指的就是这种情况。
【小题4】这一题是让考生判断客观性考试的优势和弊端。