The word “plastic” es from the Greek word “Platicos” and is used to describe_1_which can be easily shaped.
The history of plastics is longer than you might_2_.In fact _3_ manmade plastics ever to appear on the market was made over a hundred years ago. It was called “celluloid(赛璐璐)”.It was discovered by both an Englishman and an American in the same year._4_it was the Americans who first produced it on a large scale during the year 1860.Everybody was _5_by this new material which could be moulded (用模子做) into shapes and _6_so cheap to buy.
Poor young men _7_in cities with lots of smoke and dirt were_8_ to buy white celluloid collars(领子).The collars were hard and unfortable. But they did not have to be sent to wash. The poor young men _9_ rub them clean every evening with soap and water! Poor mothers,
_10_ had not been able to afford playthings _11_their children, were now able to buy them playthings _12_ of celluloid. But celluloid had one very serious fault. It caught fire very easily. In fact it burned even more quickly than wood or cloth. There were many terrible accidents, particularly _13_ children. For years scientists worked hard to find a better plastic material than celluloid. They had _14_ success. Then in 1932 an American scientist called Baekeland produced a hard plastic material which did not burn. _15_ became known _16_ bakelite(酚醛塑料).Other plastic materials like bakelite were _17_ produced. They _18_ to make electrical fittings and plates and cups. Poor people liked them because they were both cheap and safe, but rich people _19_ them because they were cheap, and because they could only be made _20_dark colours.
1. A. something B. everything C. thing D. anything
2. A. wish B. think C. want D. hope
3. A. first B. at first C. for the first D. the first
4. A. So B. But C. And D. As
5. A. surprised B. excited C. told D. frightened
6. A. be B. were C. was D. is
7. A. waiting B. running C. walking D. working
8. A. going B. sure C. about D. able
9. A. could B. ought to C. must D. should
10. A. which B. who C. whom D. that
11. A. for B. like C. in D. of
12. A. done B. produced C. worked D. made
13. A. between B. on C. among D. about
14. A. much B. great. C. never D. little
15. A. The man B. He C. It D. The scientist
16. A. as B. with C. by D. to
17. A. already B. still C. also D. yet
18. A. used B. hoped C. were used D. had
19. A. took B. loved C. enjoyed D. disliked
20. A. in B. by C. from D. of1---20 ABDBB CDDAB ADCDC ACCDA
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(答案→)1---20 ABDBB CDDAB ADCDC ACCDA
解析：
1.这句话表示“plastic”这个单词最早来源于希腊语“platicos”而且被用来描述那些容易成形的东西。答案为A。
2.塑料的历史要比你所想到的历史长。答案为B。
3.这里表示最早的、最先的。答案为D。
4.这里表示虽然英美两国同年发现，但是美国人率先生产。答案为B。
5. be excited by“因为……而激动”。答案为B。
6.它的主语是“which”，而“which”指的是this new material，所以用单数。答案为C。
7. working in cities是现在分词短语做后置定语。这里指的是在城市里工作的贫穷的年轻人。答案为D。
8. be able to表示“能够”。答案为D。
9.could表示“能够”。答案为A。
10.这是一个非限定性定语从句，who指的是前边提到的poor mothers,在非限定性定语从句中作主语。答案为who。答案为B。
11. A表示“为”，在这里指的是那些贫穷的母亲不能给孩子们买起玩具。答案为A。
12. “made of”表示“由……制成”。答案为D。
13.“among children”表示“在孩子们当中”。答案为C。
14.“little success”表示“没有成功”。答案为D。
15. It指的是前面所提到“a hard plastic material”。答案为C。
16. “be known as”作为……而著名。答案为A。
17. also表示“也”，这里表示其它的塑料材料也被制造了出来。答案为C。
18. “were used”表示“被用来……”。答案为C。
19. “dislike”表示“不喜欢”，这里表示富人们不喜欢塑料制品。答案为D。
20. in dark colours这里表示“深色，黑色”。答案为A。