is often the case is that Tom doesn’t study hard and fails in passing an exam.A. ThatB. W

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A. That
(答案→)B. What
C. It
D. As
解析：句意：情况经常是这样汤姆不努力学习结果在考试中失败了。这里是what引导的主语从句，what在从句中作主语，that不能在从句中作主语，它不作成分，只起连接的作用，故选B。