（一）Counterfeit阅读材料，回答下列的问题。Makingandsellingfakecopiesofwell-knownproductsha

共享题干题                                                                 （一）                                                               Counterfeit阅读材料，回答下列的问题。      Making and selling fake copies of well-known products has been a nice little earner for crafty craftsmen over thousands of years : In Roman Gaul, unscrupulous potters would put the seals of better-known petitors on their urns so they would sell better. Until the 1980s, counterfeiting was a relatively small-scale business restricted mainly to copying luxury fashion items, such as watches and leather goods, in limited quantities. But in the 1990s it was transformed into a much bigger, broader industry, with large-scale production and distribution of false versions of such everyday items as biscuits and shampoo. Modem technology is making it ever easier to create near-perfect copies of branded goods for a fraction of the retail price of the real thing.        By its nature, the extent of counterfeiting is hard to measure precisely, but a study by the International Chamber of Commerce reckonedthat it grew from perhaps 3 % of world trade in 1990 to 5 % in 1995.John Pepper, hairman of Proter & Gamble, a consumer-goods multinational, says it may now be 7% -9%, or over $ 450 billion a year.      In some developing countries, the authorities have had, at best, an ambivalent attitude towards the booming manufacture of fake goods in their midst. After all, it creates jobs for local people and, at first sight,appears only to hurt foreign firms. Thus the richer countries whose firms are the main victims have had to use a mixture of persuasion and threats to get poorer nations to crack down on the pirates. The Uruguay round of world trade talks, which ended in 1994, resulted in agreement on the Trade Related Aspects of intellectual Property Rights ( Trips ) , which obliges all mender countries of the World Trade Organization to impose penalties for counterfeiting and other breaches of intellectual property rights; to enforce their piracy laws adequately; and to heap firms inhibit trade in faked versions of their products.        Besides offering poorer countries trade privileges in return for a clampdown on counterfeiting, rich countries have tried convincing them that if they try harder to enforce intellectual property rights, they will win more foreign investment. But, realizing that persuasion is having little effect, they are also resorting to threats:On January 15th, America issued a warning to the Philippines, the world's leading piracy centers, that they may have their trade privileges taken away unless they crack down harder on the counterfeiting gangs.1.[不定向选择题]The underlined word“ambivalent”in the third paragraph most probably means____________．A.critical B.contradictory C.positive D.negative 2.[不定向选择题]Rich countries intend to____________．A.offer poorer countries trade privileges B.take away file trade privileges they have given poorer countries C.clamp down counterfeiting in poorer countries D.threaten the counterfeiting gangs in Philippines