People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds. It’s possible that being full of vim and vigor helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in Pittsburgh.
“We need to take more seriously the possibility that a positive emotional style is a major player in disease risk,” says psychologist Sheldon Cohen, the study’s lead researcher.
In a previous study, Cohen and his colleagues found that people who tended to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms(症状).
Those findings were interesting, but they didn’t prove that a person’s attitude affects whether he or she gets sick. Instead, it was still probable that a person’s underlying personality is what matters.
Evidence suggests, for instance, that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and optimistic, with high self-respect and a sense of control over life. This would mean that who we are, not how we feel, finally decides our chances of catching colds.
To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotions), the CMU team interviewed 193 healthy adults. The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. They told the researchers about the positive and negative feelings they had experienced that day.
The results showed that everyone in the study was equally likely to get infected. Their symptoms, however, differed depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the previous 2 weeks.
Among those who reported good moods and had been infected with the flu virus, for example, 28 percent developed coughs and stuffy(堵塞)noses. On the other hand, those symptoms struck 41 percent of people who had been less positive. Scientists argue about whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger effect on how healthy we are. For now, it can’t hurt to look on the bright side more often than not!
【小题1】What is the text mainly about?A．how to get rid of coldsB．Attitude determines lifeC．Smiles turn away colds D．Different opinions about colds【小题2】The word “full of vim and vigor” underlined in Paragraph 1 probably means .A．ignorantB．well-informedC．energeticD．in low spirits【小题3】According to the finding a leading factor of catching colds should be one’s .A．health.B．personality.C．qualityD．mood【小题4】By saying the last paragraph, the writer intends to suggest .A．positiveemotionsareasgoodasnegativeemotionsB．itisnotnecessarilygoodforyouifyoualwayslookatproblemspositivelyC．itwillbegoodforyourhealthtoalwayskeepupanoptimisticstateofmindD．thesaying---everycoinhastwosides.C
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(答案→)C
解析：
试题分析:CMU大学的研究人员经研究表明快乐放松的人们更不容易患感冒，他们与旁人比较起来很少会有咳嗽、鼻塞等感冒症状。研究人员指出这可能是因为人们内在的性格影响着身体健康状况，并且建议人们为了健康要保持积极乐观的心情。
【小题1】C主旨大意题。本文是一篇科学研究类短文，文章开头提出中心People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds.，然后在下文进行详细讲述，所以文章主要是关于快乐能够抵抗感冒的问题，答案选C。
【小题2】C 词义猜测题。根据文章首句People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds和第二段的首句We need to ……. a positive emotional style is a major player in disease risk,”可知文章主要介绍快乐、积极的情绪对健康的作用，由此判断full of vim and vigor指精力充沛，积极乐观，答案选C。
【小题3】B细节理解题。从文章第二段带头从事这项研究的Sheldon Cohen 所说的“We need to take more seriously the possibility that a positive emotional style is a major player in disease risk,” 可以判断人的性格是人们是否容易患感冒的主要因素，答案选B。
【小题4】C细节理解题。在文章末段作者给出了一些数字来证明积极乐观的心态对感冒的影响，而且最后提出it can’t hurt to look on the bright side more often than not! ，由此判断作者的目的是要建议人们为了健康的缘故要保持愉悦的心情，答案选C。