The National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., is one of the world’s greatest art museums. Millions of people have entered its doors to see paintings by the world’s fine artists. But if these priceless masterpieces are to be preserved, the Gallery must protect them carefully. The Gallery’s 135-man guard force has successfully prevented them from being stolen, but protecting the paintings from nature is a greater problem.
In past times, the owners of paintings did not protect them from damaging changes in humidity（湿度）and temperature. As a result, the life of these paintings were shortened. In the National Gallery, however, humidity and temperature are carefully controlled. The building is air-conditioned in summer and heated in winter. The air-conditioning and heating system are so important to the life of the painting that the Gallery has two of each system. If one should fail, the extra one can take over.
Light is another enemy of paintings. Ultraviolet rays（紫外线）in light cause paintings to fade（褪色）. Long ago, paintings often hung in dark churches and palaces. A coat of varnish（清漆）was a protection from the weak light. But when museums took over the care of many paintings, they were often hung in brighter light than before. Soon they were in danger of fading. The damaging effects of light were increased when the museums removed the varnish coating, yellowed with age.
To protect its paintings, the National Gallery put a special kind of glass in its skylights. This glass allows visible lights to enter the building but it keeps out harmful ultraviolet rays. The Gallery has also developed new and better varnishes which help to keep paintings from fading. Thanks to these new precautions, many of the world’s greatest paintings are being well protected for future generations to enjoy.
【小题1】The text mainly tells us about .A．the guard force in the National GalleryB．protecting great paintings from natureC．priceless paintings of past timesD．the air-conditioning and heating systems in the National Gallery【小题2】Which of the following is NOT an enemy of paintings?A．Varnish.B．Temperature.C．Light.D．Humidity.【小题3】The underlined word “precautions” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to . A．decorationsB．problemsC．suggestionsD．applications【小题4】From the text we can infer that .A．great artists painted in dark churches and palacesB．you can touch these paintings while you are in the National GalleryC．the care of the world’s greatest paintings is both a big responsibility and a great challengeD．the guard force in the Gallery has not done a good jobB
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(答案→)B
解析：
【小题1】主旨大意题。结合but protecting the paintings from nature is a greater problem可知文章主要介绍了The National Gallery of Art如何保护馆内的绘画作品免受自然环境的破坏的。
【小题2】细节题。结合the owners of paintings did not protect them from damaging changes in humidity（湿度）and temperature和Light is another enemy of paintings可知B. C. D.对绘画作品都有害。
【小题3】推断词义题。结合上文The Gallery has also developed new and better varnishes which help to keep paintings from fading.可知these new precautions应指的是The Gallery新开发的设备。
【小题4】推断题。结合But if these priceless masterpieces are to be preserved, the Gallery must protect them carefully.可知对于保护这些绘画作品既是一项挑战也是美术馆的责任。