In some countries, is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people.

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A. that
(答案→)B. what
C. which
D. how
解析：主要测试主语从句。句子译文：某些国家里，所谓的平等并不真正意味着所有人都拥有平等权利。由题干可知句子     is called “equality”缺少主语，另外句子    does not really mean equal rights for all people也缺少主语，因此既要引导主语从句还要充当句子的主语的词只能是答案中的what。